What Is African
Heterodox Economics?

Dominant economic orthodoxies have failed to explain or address Africa’s realities. AHEN advances pluralist alternatives better suited to the continent’s development challenges.

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SCHOLARS

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COUNTRIES

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RESEARCH THEMES

Why Orthodoxy Falls
Short in Africa

Across the African continent and its diaspora, it has become increasingly clear that dominant economic orthodoxies — including free market fundamentalism, fiscal austerity, financialisation, and undue corporate influence over public policy — have failed to deliver shared prosperity.

Instead, they have often deepened inequality, weakened productive capacity, exacerbated vulnerability to crisis, and undermined social and ecological well-being.

AHEN advances a new vision of economics that serves African societies, not abstract models or external interests.

Heterodox Traditions

01.

Political Economy

Examines power, class, and the relationship between politics and economic systems.

02.

Feminist Economics

Centres gender, care work, and the lived economic experiences of women and marginalised groups.

03.

Institutional Economics

Focuses on rules, norms, organisations, and the role of institutions in shaping economic behaviour.

04.

Post-Keynesian Economics

Emphasises demand, uncertainty, financial instability, and the non-neutrality of money.

05.

Ecological Economics

Integrates environmental limits and sustainability into economic analysis.

06.

Decolonial Economics

Challenges Eurocentric economic frameworks and centres Africa's historical and contemporary experiences.

Heterodox Traditions

01.

Intellectual Independence Matters

Economic ideas must be independent of powerful domestic and external interests. When economics is shaped by elites alone, it loses its ability to serve the broader public and democratic development.

02.

Uncertainty and Complexity Are Central

African economies are shaped by structural change, informality, power relations, and global asymmetries. We reject theories built on unrealistic assumptions of perfect rationality, equilibrium, and frictionless markets.

03.

Inequality and Distribution Are Fundamental

Growth without justice is neither sustainable nor meaningful. Class, gender, race, region, and generation shape economic outcomes and must be central to analysis.

04.

Heterodox and Pluralist Approaches Are Essential

Political economy, feminist, institutional, post-Keynesian, ecological, and decolonial traditions provide vital tools for understanding African development pathways beyond neoclassical orthodoxy.

05.

History and Structure Matter

Colonial legacies, postcolonial state formation, debt, industrialisation trajectories, and past policy choices continue to shape present-day economic constraints and possibilities.

06.

Diversity Strengthens Economic Knowledge

Perspectives shaped by Africa's social, cultural, and gendered realities enrich economic thought and challenge narrow, universalist models.

07.

The Ecological Crisis Is an Economic Crisis

Climate change, resource depletion, and environmental stress pose profound challenges for African economies. Economic analysis must fully integrate ecological sustainability and just transitions.

08.

Multidisciplinary Engagement Is Vital

Economics cannot operate in isolation. AHEN collaborates with scholars across the social sciences, humanities, and natural sciences to address Africa's complex development challenges holistically.